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SOX-2

SOX (SRY-like HMG box) gene family is a family of transcription factors with HMG (high mobility group) characteristic domains. HMG is a DNA binding region, and its gene sequence is highly conserved in eukaryotic cells. There are 20 SOX that have been found so far and divided into 10 subcategories. SOX-2 is a major member of the SOX family group, expressed in embryonic stem cells, and plays an important role in the development of embryos. In recent years, SOX-2 has been found to be highly expressed in various tumors such as lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and neuroendocrine cancer. In the early development of the central nervous system, SOX-2 is expressed in all neuroepithelium. But SOX-2 expression is limited to embryonic glia stem cells after the nervous system is mature. However, after neuroglial cells undergo malignant transformation, SOX-2 are activated and re-expressed in gliomas. And the expression are significantly higher than normal tissues and confirmed at the RNA and protein levels. The combined application of SOX-2 and p63 can specifically detect more than 90% of lung squamous cell carcinoma. SOX-2 expression is closely related to HPV infection, and its significance is the same as p16.