A total of 189 datas
CD42b is a surface membrane glycoprotein involved in platelet adhesion to the vascular wall and is expressed on the membranes of megakaryocytes and platelets. Loss of CD42b expression in platelets leads to the development of giant platelet disorders. This marker can be used to distinguish subtypes of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.
Cyclins are regulatory factors of cyclin-dependent kinases. Different cyclins control different specific phases of the cell cycle. Cyclin D1 is an important regulatory product for the G1 to S phase transition in the cell cycle. It promotes DNA synthesis and accelerates cell proliferation by activating Cdk4 or Cdk6. It is mainly used for the research of B-cell lymphoma, breast cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer.
Cytokeratin 5 (CK5) is a type II cytokeratin found in squamous epithelium, mammary myoepithelial cells, and basal cells of the prostate. Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) is a type I polypeptide identified in squamous epithelial cells, certain glandular epithelial cells, myoepithelial cells, and basal cells. Together, they form part of the cytoskeletal framework of epithelial cells. CK5 is expressed in most epithelial mesotheliomas but is not expressed in the majority of lung adenocarcinomas. CK14 antibodies label the basal layer of stratified squamous epithelium and non-squamous epithelium and can identify basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Anti-CK5 in combination with anti-CK14 is used to identify the basal-like phenotype of breast cancer.
Claudin 18.2 belongs to the tight junction protein family. In tumors, tight junctions are destroyed and Claudin protein loses its main function. Claudin 18.2 is only transiently expressed in gastric epithelial cells, and is almost not expressed in other normal tissues. After changes in gastric tissue, its expression increases. High expression can also be seen in pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and ovarian cancer. Antibody drugs targeting Claudin 18.2 can significantly improve the survival rate of patients.
Cytokeratin 4 (CK4) is a type II cytokeratin that is specifically expressed, together with cytokeratin 13, in the differentiated layers of the esophagus and mucosal epithelium. Mutations in the gene encoding this protein (KRT4) are associated with white sponge nevus, a condition characterized by white lesions of the oral cavity, esophagus, and anal mucosa. Reduced expression of CK4 is associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and it is useful in distinguishing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from thyroid-derived squamous cell carcinoma.
The human cyclin E gene encodes several polypeptides with a molecular weight range of 39 to 52 kDa. Cyclin E1 is expressed during the transition from the late G1 phase to the S phase of the cell cycle. The expression of Cyclin E1 in malignant tumors is higher than that in normal proliferating cells. The expression of this protein is related to the progression of different cancers, such as breast cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, and other types of tumors.
Integrin alpha M (ITGAM) is a protein subunit that forms the macrophage antigen (Mac-1) or complement receptor 3 (CR3). ITGAM, also known as CR3A and CD11b, is a common myeloid marker. It has a 50% positive expression rate in acute myeloid leukemia. Co-detection of CD117 and CD11b helps to distinguish acute promyelocytic leukemia (CD11b negative) from cases of recovering benign proliferation (CD117 negative, CD11b positive).
COX-2 is a membrane-bound enzyme that participates in the response of cell growth factors, tumor promoters, and cytokines. It is highly expressed in lung cancer, breast cancer, and colon cancer. COX-2 inhibitors have anti-tumor effects, so it is one of the targets for tumor therapy.
Type IV collagen is the main component of the basement membrane. This antibody can label the basement membrane of various human tissues and organs, including skin, stomach, muscle, lymph nodes, placenta, and lung. However, the basement membrane of keratinized epithelium shows weak positive reaction. It has important diagnostic significance for the loss of basement membrane integrity caused by early cancer invasion.
c-MYC is a proto-oncogene expressed in a variety of cell types. Proliferating cells and various tumor cells often have increased expression. Abnormal c- MYC gene expression has various forms, including activation, translocation, and amplification. Its expression product is located in the cell nucleus and is closely related to the cell cycle. This antibody is mainly used for tumor research.
CK17 has a molecular weight of 46 kDa and is expressed in non-keratin iz ing squamous epithelium. Recent studies have found that in cervical tissues, CK17 is expressed in the cytoplasm of cervical reserve cells. Its expression in CIN III may indicate the possibility of progression to invasive cancer. In tumor tissues, this antibody mainly recognizes squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, cervix, and oral cavity.
Cytokeratin 10 (CK10) has a molecular weight of 56.5 kDa and mainly labels the suprabasal and granular layers of the epithelium. The expression of CK10 is positively correlated with the degree of cell differentiation, with well- differentiated cells often being positive. It is mainly used for the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma.
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