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T-bet

T-bet is a novel transcription factor belonging to the T-box family, which is selectively expressed in Th1 cells. As a specific transcription factor of Th1, it can induce the production of IFN-γ and plays a decisive role in the differentiation of Th1 cells. T-bet is a powerful transcription activator of the IFN-γ gene, can induce and maintain the expression of IL-12Rβ2, and can reverse the effector Th2 during differentiation and the fully differentiated Th2 to Th1. It inhibits the production of Th2 type cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, accompanied by the production of a large amount of IFN -γ. T-bet can be induced and upregulated by IFN-γ during T cell activation. Through a STAT1-dependent pathway, TGF-β can inhibit Th1 differentiation by inhibiting T-bet. The link between T-bet and Th1/Th2 related diseases is coming into focus.